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Greetings and Introductions

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

  1. Greet people in German at different times of day
  2. Introduce yourself and ask basic questions about others
  3. Use essential vocabulary related to personal information
  4. Conjugate basic verbs in the present tense
  5. Understand and use simple German sentence structures

1. Greetings and Phrases

Learn these greetings and practice them throughout the day:

GermanEnglishUsage
HalloHelloInformal, any time
Guten MorgenGood morningUntil about 11 AM
Guten TagGood dayFrom late morning to early evening
Guten AbendGood eveningFrom early evening onwards
Gute NachtGood nightWhen parting for the night
TschüssByeInformal farewell
Auf WiedersehenGoodbyeFormal farewell
DankeThank youExpressing gratitude
BittePlease / You're welcomeRequest or response to thanks

🎯 Practice: Record yourself saying each greeting, focusing on pronunciation.

2. Essential Vocabulary

Nouns

GermanEnglishArticle
der Namenameder
die Stadtcitydie
das Landcountrydas
die Sprachelanguagedie
der Berufprofession/jobder
die Adresseaddressdie
das Alteragedas
die Telefonnummerphone numberdie

🎯 Practice: Create flashcards for these words, including their articles.

Question Words

GermanEnglishExample Usage
WieHowWie heißen Sie? (What's your name?)
WannWhenWann kommst du? (When are you coming?)
WerWhoWer ist das? (Who is that?)
WoherFrom whereWoher kommst du? (Where are you from?)
WoWhereWo wohnst du? (Where do you live?)
WasWhatWas ist dein Beruf? (What's your job?)

🎯 Practice: Create a question using each of these words.

3. Pronouns and Verb Conjugation

Personal Pronouns

GermanEnglish
ichI
duyou (informal)
Sieyou (formal)
erhe
sieshe
esit
wirwe
ihryou (plural)
siethey

Verb Conjugation in Present Tense

InfinitiveichduSie/sie/er/eswirihrsieEnglish
heißenheißeheißtheißt/heißenheißenheißtheißento be called
kommenkommekommstkommt/kommenkommenkommtkommento come (from)
wohnenwohnewohnstwohnt/wohnenwohnenwohntwohnento live
sprechensprechesprichstspricht/sprechensprechensprechtsprechento speak
sein (irregular)binbistist/sindsindseidsindto be

🎯 Practice: Conjugate the verbs "machen" (to do/make), "lernen" (to learn), and "arbeiten" (to work).

4. Dialogue Practice

Read and practice these dialogues with a partner:

Dialogue 1: Formal Introduction

A: Guten Tag! Wie heißen Sie?
B: Guten Tag! Ich heiße Maria Schmidt. Und Sie?
A: Ich bin Thomas Müller. Woher kommen Sie, Frau Schmidt?
B: Ich komme aus Österreich. Und Sie, Herr Müller?
A: Ich komme aus Deutschland. Freut mich, Sie kennenzulernen!
B: Mich auch! Auf Wiedersehen, Herr Müller.
A: Auf Wiedersehen, Frau Schmidt.

Dialogue 2: Informal Introduction

A: Hallo! Ich bin Lisa. Wie heißt du?
B: Hi Lisa! Ich heiße Jan. Woher kommst du?
A: Ich komme aus der Schweiz. Und du?
B: Cool! Ich bin aus Deutschland. Wo wohnst du hier?
A: Ich wohne in Berlin. Wie alt bist du, Jan?
B: Ich bin 25 Jahre alt. Und du?
A: Ich bin 23. Schön, dich kennenzulernen!
B: Finde ich auch! Tschüss, Lisa!
A: Tschüss, Jan!

🎯 Practice:

  1. Read the dialogues aloud, focusing on pronunciation and intonation.
  2. Create your own dialogue using the vocabulary and structures you've learned.

5. Cultural Note

In German-speaking countries, it's common to use formal language (Sie) when meeting someone for the first time, especially in professional settings or with older individuals. The informal "du" is used among friends, family, and younger people. Always err on the side of formality if you're unsure.

6. Pronunciation Challenge

Try this tongue-twister to practice German sounds:

Schnecken erschrecken, wenn Schnecken an Schnecken schlecken, weil zum Schrecken vieler Schnecken, Schnecken nicht schmecken.

(Snails are frightened when snails lick snails because, to the horror of many snails, snails don't taste good.)

Use Forvo to hear native pronunciations of challenging words.

7. Interactive Exercises

  1. Fill in the Blanks: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb:

    • Ich _______ (heißen) Anna.
    • Woher _______ (kommen) du?
    • Er _______ (wohnen) in München.
  2. Matching: Match the question word with its English equivalent:

    • Wie [ ] Where
    • Wer [ ] How
    • Wo [ ] Who
    • Wann [ ] When
  3. Role-play: With a partner, create and act out a dialogue where you:

    • Greet each other
    • Introduce yourselves
    • Ask and answer questions about name, origin, and age
    • Say goodbye

8. Homework

  1. Write a short paragraph introducing yourself in German, using the vocabulary and structures learned.
  2. Create a mind map of greetings and introductions vocabulary.
  3. Practice conjugating 5 new verbs in the present tense.

Additional Resources

Remember, consistent practice is key to language learning. Viel Erfolg! (Good luck!)